Certain things in Linux can only be done in the Shell, and other things are just faster if you know the right commands. When shell commands become second nature they can be combined into a text file known as a scripts. Shell Scripting can be very useful for automating some task that are done on a regular basis. Learning the basic shell commands are a good way to start learning how to take full control of your Linux system. Most of these commands can also be used in many UNIX systems as well. You may find that a lot of basic commands are short hand for what you want to do.
Getting Help
Man
Almost every command has a manual that can be accessed within the shell. These can be rather technical at times and are more for a reference then a guide. This documentation on the commands are known as a man page from the command it's self. To view the manual use the following command and syntax.
man <program name> //DENEME
Scrolling is done by the "Enter" key for a line by line or "Space Bar" for a screen scroll. The "Page up" and "Page Down" keys can be used also. The way to exit the man page is to press the "Q" key.xxxxx
Info
Another and newer information resource while in a shell is the info command. It works much like the man command listed above. Not every command has a info page but the numbers are increasing.
The command syntax is the same as man
info <program name>
Scrolling can be done by the "Arrow" keys for a line by line scroll. The "Space Bar", "Page up". and "Page down" keys can still be used for a screen scroll."Q" is still the exit key.
Basic Commands
List the current directories file and directories.
ls -s
List the another directory then the current.
ls <path>
Change to a different Directory.
cd <path>
Remove a file in the current directory.
rm <file name>
Remove a file in a different directory.
rm <path and file name>
Remove a directory in current directory.
rmdir <directory name>
Remove a directory in a different directory.
rmdir <path and directory name>
Show the contents of a file
cat <file name>
or
cat <path file name>
Show current directory
pwd
Run a command as root
sudo <command>
or
su
su will provide root account access. After running this command you will be prompted for root password. After providing the correct password you will then be logged in as root for that terminal session.
Install a package at the command line (root access needed by su or sudo)
yum install <package>
Log out (or close if open from a Desktop Manager)
exit
Links
This list is by no means complete however there are many sites out there with this type if information.